Effects of the Frequency of Probiotic Dietary Supplementation on Growth and Immunity of Nile Tilapia
Abstract
The effects of the frequency of using Bacillus subtillis probiotics (G biotic) dietary supplementation on growth and immunity of Nile Tilapia were investigated by comparing the number of feeding days and the number of probiotic application. There were 5 treatments with 2 replication each. It consisted of treatment 1, control group, feeding daily without probiotic supplement; treatment 2, feeding 5 days/week without probiotic supplement; treatment 3, feeding daily with 10 ml G biotic / 1 kg of feed; treatment 4, feeding 5 days/week with 10 ml G biotic / 1 kg of feed; treatment 5, feeding daily but adding 10 ml G biotic / 1 kg of feed every other week. Fish with an initial weight approximately 20 g were randomly allocated into cages; 30 fish/cage. The experiment period was 60 days. The results showed fish in treatment 5, fed commercial feed daily but applying the probiotic every other week had the highest increased weight, 84.69±0.59 g/fish (P<0.05). This study showed that feeding tilapia with probiotic supplementary feed was able to improve growth performance; however, there is no need to apply daily. The fish survival rates in treatments 1 and 2 were 93.34±4.72 and 93.34±9.43 % while treatments 3, 4 and 5 were 100±0.00%, respectively but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). Lysozyme activity of fish in treatment 5, 1 month and 2 month after experiment began, was significantly highest (P<0.05). In addition, 15 days after Streptococcus agalactiae challenge, lysozyme activity of fish in treatment 5 was significantly highest (P<0.05). Phagocytosis of fish in treatment 5 before and 15 days after S. agalactiae challenge was significantly highest (P<0.05). In conclusion, probiotic B. subtillis can be applied in tilapia feed to enhance growth and non-specific immunity.
Keywords : probiotics ; Nile Tilapia ; growth performance ; immunity
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