Effect of Allelopathy from Piper betle L. Leaves on Seed Germination, Growth, and Physiology of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek)
Abstract
The effect of aqueous leaf-extract from Piper betle L. on germination, growth and physiology of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) were examined. Mung bean seeds were immersed in betel leaf extract at the ratio of dry leave and water of 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/L for 3 days. The results showed the reduction of germination percentage, fresh and dry weight when compared to the control. The higher of the concentration of the extracts resulted the more inhibiting seed germination. The inhibition concentration at 50% seed germination (IC50) was 12.75 mg/mL of extractable from betel dry leaves. The extract at the IC50 was used to determine the sugar, starch, and protein content and also activity of α-amylase. Extract treated seeds showed the reduction of reducing sugar, protein and α-amylase activity when compared to the control. Starch determination in treated seed were higher than the control. The betel leaf extract was also tested to α-amylase and demonstrated that betel leaf extract inhibited α -amylase activity. This might be concluded that the betel leaf extract can inhibited the activity of α-amylase and effected to protein synthesis of tested seeds which might be the causes of seed ungemination.
Keywords : allelopathy, Piper betle L., germination physiology, Vigna radiata, α-amylase
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