Effect of Vernonia Cinerea Extract on Heart and Coronary Artery Fibrosis of Chronic Nicotine-Treated Rat
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of Vernonia cinerea (VC) on heart fibrosis and coronary artery and inflammation in chronic nicotine treated rats. Male Wistar rat were divided into control (C), nicotine group (N) received daily dose of nicotine i.p. (1 mg/kg), and nicotine with VC orally is a dose of 100 mg/kg/day (NV) for 3 and 6 months respectively. The histopathological changes of heart tissue and coronary wall by H&E staining wasexamined whereas the heart fibrosis was evaluated by Masson’s trichrome staining. LM observation demonstrated that there was histopathology of coronary wall revealed thickness in N group (p<0.05). The histopathological study showed increasing of intercellular collagen bundles accumulation, representing of pro-fibrosis in heart tissue. Regarding inflammation, the nicotine treated rats at 3 and 6 months presented increasing of inflammatory leukocytesneighboring the vascular wall. Moreover, hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes with irregular sizes in diameters were critically demonstrated. The intercellular space was obviously larger when compared with the control group. In addition, the accumulation and deposition of collagen bundles and plasma cells allocating within intercellular space were conspicuously observed. Interestingly, an extract from VC revealed for protection effect in NV rats for 3 and 6 months by reducing the pro-collagen fibers accumulation, decreasing of the intercellular space, and diminishing tissue inflammation. In conclusion, the supplementation with VC provided benefit to prevent the heart fibrosis and coronary wall thickness from nicotine toxicity created in the receiving chronic nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).
Keywords: Vernonia cinerea Less., nicotine, heart tissue, fibrosis, coronary artery
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